Influence of Islam in South Africa - 512 Words

Suraya Dadoo is a researcher for Media Review Network. She focuses on the impact of the Zionist occupation on Palestinian media, education, health-care, and family life. Her articles have appeared in local and international publications. Here she discussed the influence of Islam in South Africa, the country of diversity with eleven national languages that represent different historical backgrounds. She described population’s ethnic organization and showed that Muslims population is only account for 2%. Although, the number seems very low comparing to the population number, Muslims in South Africa have been greatly influenced by Islamic culture, values and law. Islam was first introduced to South Africa by immigration movement in 1652. Although Muslims formed the minority among immigrants in South Africa, most of them brought with various cultural and traditional traits. As a result, Islam spread very fast between the communities. However after the slavery was abolished in 1838 , more Muslims were brought from India in the second immigration movement. At that time Sheikh Ahmad was the founder of Islam. He later followed by Sheikh Soofie Saheb, who was a great leader with a strong vision. However, he had some worries that the religion may affect by other dominant religion in the area such as Hinduism. Therefore, he established several Muslim gathering events and several Islamic schools, where kids get the basic education about their religion and the memorize Quran, Muslim’sShow MoreRelatedIslam and Continuities1628 Words   |  7 Pagescontinuities in the environments of two of the regions of the world from 8000 BCE to present.   Ã‚  Ã‚   Europe  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sub-Saharan Africa  Ã‚  Ã‚   the Middle East  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   East Asia   Ã‚  Ã‚   SE Asia  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚     South Asia  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Latin America  Ã‚  Ã‚   North America †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Analyze the changes and continuities in China from the Zhou to the Song. Be sure to address political, social and economic factors as well as outside influences. †¢Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Trace and analyze the evolution of slavery and serfdom from prehistoric times to the end of the 19thRead MoreLong Distance Trade in West Africa856 Words   |  4 PagesAfrican History 18 March 2011 History of Trade Influence in West Africa Trade has played an important role in the history of the West African region. Trade shaped the region in two main ways. Trade worked as a catalyst for the rise of nearly every empire in the region from its’ earliest times to present day. Also, the growth and spread of trade routes brought in an immense amount of culture with it as well. Trade is and has been a reason for organization in all parts of the world from theRead MoreSteve Biko vs. Malcolm X1722 Words   |  7 Pagesas well as Africans mainly in South Africa deserved the same rights and equality as any other man in the world. They lived through the rough era of the discrimination in the United States and Apartheid in South Africa. Malcolm X and Steve Biko’s lives were ended shortly due to assassinations by people who hated them. Who was Steve Biko? Steve Biko was an anti-apartheid activist in South Africa in the 1960’s and 70’s. Steve Biko was born in Kingwilliamstown, South Africa in 1946. Biko was a very educatedRead MoreAP World History Chapter 15 Traditions and Encounters Study Guide1436 Words   |  6 Pagesbecame absorbed into Indian society 2. Harsha (reigned 606-648 C.E.) temporarily restored unified rule in north India B. Introduction of Islam to northern India 1. The Sind were conquered by Arab Muslims and passed to Abbasids 2. Muslim merchants formed small communities in all major cities of coastal India 3. Turkish migrants and Islam: Turks convert to Islam in tenth century a. Some moved to Afghanistan and established an Islamic state b. Mahmud of Ghazni, Turk leader in Afghanistan, made expeditionsRead MoreThe Rise And Further Development Of Islam741 Words   |  3 PagesWith the rise and further development of Islam, the Middle East emerged as a key world region. The religion not only dominated the Middle East but was also spread to the West, Southeast Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa as it gained followers and influence. Why was the spread of Islam so quick, extensive, and influential? What was it about Islam that appealed to so many individuals and converted such a large geographical part of the world? This can further explained by the process of globalization andRead MoreThe Earth and Its People: Chapter 13 Outline1629 Words   |  7 PagesTropical Africa and Asia (1200 – 1500) Ibn Battuta 1. Young Muslim scholar 2. Completed the pilgrimage to mecca 3. logged 75,000 miles of travel in 29 years 4. Powerful states and commercial systems were only made possible by local farmers, fishermen and pastoralists Tropical Lands and Peoples The Tropical Environment 1. Africa lies almost entirely within the tropics, as do southern Arabia, most of India and all of the Southeast Asian mainland and islands 2. In the lands aroundRead MoreIsis Essay748 Words   |  3 PagesWest Africa have been traditionally associated with al-Qaeda, but ISIS (Islamic State of Iraq and Syria) ideology is growing in influence in the region, making its trek from North Africa to its neighbors further south. This migration of radical Islam ideology threatens political stability in the region, and the pace in which it is spreading will make it a difficult threat for Western security forces to combat. Combined with political unrest, struggling economies, and the demand for a more Islam-orientedRead MoreKenyan Coast Of East Africa1000 Words   |  4 PagesBC, Cushitic-speaking people from northern Africa settled in the part of East Africa that is now Kenya. By the 1st Century AD, the Kenyan coast was frequented by Arab traders, who due to Kenya s proximity to the Arabian Peninsula, established Arab and Persian colonies there. The Nilotic and Bantu people also moved into the region during the first millenniu m AD. and settled inland Kenya straddles the Equator, and is located on the eastern coast of Africa. Roughly one and half times the size of JapanRead MoreA Girl Stands At The Gate Of The Happiest Place1601 Words   |  7 Pagescountries usually change for the better. Transitional justice mechanisms, the steps that a government will take to democratically recognize human rights violations and pay tribute to the victims of such violence, help to usher in a more just future. South Africa successfully used several mechanisms to transition from apartheid to democracy; Iran’s futile attempt to transform from an out-of-touch monarchy to an oppressive democracy only affected the implication of the government. For a long time, IraniansRead MoreNotes On The s Destiny Disrupted1526 Words   |  7 PagesOn one of these occasions, the Archangel Gabriel (Jibra il in Arabic) appeared to him and instructed him to recite in the name of [your] lord. (Ansary) This was the first of many revelations that became the basis of the Qur an, the holy book of Islam. Emigration became the only hope for Muhammad and his followers survival. In 622, they headed to Medina, another oasis town, where they were promised freedom to practice their religion. The move from Mecca to Medina is known as the hijra—the flight—In

Principal Component Analysis ( Pca ) - 1021 Words

Principal component analysis (PCA) was attained on a dataset of 20 sites and 14 physico-chemical parameters to explore the relationships between major ions and trace metals. In this study, the PCA of analyzed data was applied to differentiate the contribution of natural sources to the chemical composition of groundwater in Jaypurhat district. This analysis also helps to find out information from datasets about sources of ion and factor controlling in groundwater quality. Factors with eigenvalues exceeding one were only considered for the study. Based on eigenvalues more than 1, seven PCs were extracted from groundwater quality parameters, which represented 90.69 % of total variance in the study area. A scree plot was used to demonstrate a†¦show more content†¦The high positive score of F- might be originated from dissolution of fluro-pyrites, fluorite, various silicate bearing minerals. However, the agricultural fertilizer is also the source of F- in the groundwater (Hem, 19 91). Furthermore, F- indicated moderate positive correlation with HCO3-. This correlation demonstrated that both F- and HCO3- are believed to be geogenic source rather than anthropogenic activities. The PC4 denoted 13.57 % of total variance in groundwater quality with strong positive loading on pH, I- and HCO3-, showing the alkalinity controlled process in groundwater. The high value of pH may have led to be dissolution of carbonate and hydroxide mineral in groundwater. The elevated value of HCO3- in the groundwater indicates intense mineral weathering, which favors a mineral dissolution (Stumm and Morgan, 1996). In addition to this, high HCO3- value may be caused by long-term irrigation practices in the study area that circulate the water in the soil/weathered zone. The PC5 accounted for 12.16 % of variance in groundwater quality. A high positive loading was depicted on Na+ and SO42- in S-14, S-16 and S19-20 sample locations. The high values of Na+, SO42- ions are mainly anthropoge nic sources like as the domestic wastes, leakage of septic tanks and agro-chemicals (Todd, 1980;Show MoreRelatedPrincipal Components Analysis ( Pca ) Versus Principal Axes Factors2012 Words   |  9 PagesPrincipal Components Analysis (PCA) versus Principal Axes Factors (PAF) and Other Extraction Methods Broadly, conducting factor analysis (FA) allows a researcher to analyze or interpret his or her data (e.g., measured variables) by reducing those variables into factors or components that underlie the structure or explain the greatest amount of variance in the data (Thompson, 2004). Thompson (2004) also tells us that FA may be used for many purposes, the most common of which is to uncover a relationshipRead MorePrinciple Component Analysis ( Pca )1329 Words   |  6 PagesPCA model Principle component analysis (PCA) is often used to reduce the dimensionality of a data set, and the reduced data can then explain most of the variance within the original data (Guo, Wang Louie, 2004). The main function of the PCA is to convert a number of interrelated variables into a smaller set of independent variables. The new independent variables which are called principal components (PCs). They are the linear combinations of the original variables (Jackson J.E., 2005). The PCARead MoreImprove ATM Security by Face Recognition Essay1373 Words   |  6 Pagesbuzzer is connected on the FPGA board which gives instructions to the user to access the Account. If the person is not authenticated then the process is terminated and the output is show on FPGA board with the help of LEDs. Keywords- Recognition, ATM, PCA, GSM, FPGA, Euclidian distance I. INTRODUCTION The face recognition plays very important role in security system [4]. The main objective of face recognition is to recognize person from pictures or video using databases of face. There are a lots ofRead MoreMeasuring Team Work On Health Care Settings1499 Words   |  6 Pagesconcept being studied (Aday Cornelius, 2006). In order to assist this first step, definitions of the three constructs; collaboration, communication and trust will be given to the experts. A Content Validity Index will be used to assist in this analysis (Table 1). Evaluating a scale’s content validity is a critical early step in enhancing the overall validity of an instrument (Beck Polit, 2006; Beck, Owen Polit, 2007). As mentioned above, content validity concerns the degree to which a scaleRead MoreThe first step in data analysis involved carrying out frequency distributions and cross-tabulations1400 Words   |  6 Pagesin data analysis involved carrying out frequency distributions and cross-tabulations to understand how the sample was distributed across the selected predictors of educational attainment, which was measured by the four educational transitions. Inclusion of Chi-square test further helped to assess for existence of association between the independent and dependent variables. 3.5.2 Construction of wealth index and data reduction for household no-income variables: principal component analysis FactorRead MoreThe Digital Of Digital Image1445 Words   |  6 PagesWatermarking is identified as a major technology to achieve copyright protection and multimedia security. Therefre recent studies in literature include some evident approaches for embedding data into multimedia element. Because of its useful frequency component separation, the Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT) is commonly used in watermarking schemes. In a DWT-based scheme, the DWT coefficients are modified with the data that represents the watermark. In this paper, we present a hybrid non-blind scheme basedRead MoreSolving The Physics Of The Problem1393 Words   |  6 Pagessuitable for our data set. 4.3.1 Clustering Analysis and related algorithms Clustering analysis is usually done to find various patterns that may exist in the dataset. A cluster consists of a set of data points, which are similar to the other data points within the same cluster while dissimilar to data points in the other clusters. In most cases, similarity criterion is the Euclidian distance between the data points. Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA) In Hca [Mueller et~al., 2015], clusteringRead MoreThe Human Visual System ( Hvs ) For More Secure And Effective Data Hiding1337 Words   |  6 PagesWatermarking is identified as a major technology to achieve copyright protection and multimedia security.Therefre recent studies in literature include some evident approaches for embedding data into multimedia element.Because of its useful frequency component separation, the Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT) is commonly used in watermarking schemes. In a DWT-based scheme, the DWT coefficients are modified with the data that represents the watermark. In this paper, we present a hybrid non-blind schemeRead MoreWomen s Role Norms Of Traditional Masculinity Ideology1306 Words   |  6 Pagesand symptoms and warning signs. To improve the reliability and validity of our final Knowledge about CRC and Early Detection Screening scale (which initially had a coefficient alpha of .45), eight items were later removed after exploratory factor analysis permitting the alpha for the re-defined scale to equal 0.54. Accordingly, each item was assigned 1 point if correct and participants had to answer 11 of the 13 questions correctly to receive a passing score (85%). Beliefs and Values about CRC andRead MoreFace Recognition Of Java Environment1552 Words   |  7 Pagesand to extract some useful information from it. It usually deals with treating images at 2D signals and applying signal processing methods to them. It can be generally defined as a 3 step process starting by importing the image. Continuing with its analysis and ending with either an alter image or an output. The application of in processing can be classified into five groups. The 5 groups are shown in fig 2 II. Face Recognition Techniques: This section is about different techniques

Judith Guest’s “Ordinary People” Free Essays

Ordinary People Ordinary People by Judith Guest is the story of a dysfunctional family who relate to one another through a series of extensive defense mechanisms, i. e. an unconscious process whereby reality is distorted to reduce or prevent anxiety. We will write a custom essay sample on Judith Guest’s â€Å"Ordinary People† or any similar topic only for you Order Now The book opens with seventeen year old Conrad, son of upper middle-class Beth and Calvin Jarrett, home after eight months in a psychiatric hospital, there because he had attempted suicide by slashing his wrists. His mother is a meticulously orderly person who, Jared, through projection, feels despises him. She does all the right things; attending to Jared’s physical eeds, keeping a spotless home, plays golf and bridge with other women in her social circle, but, in her own words â€Å"is an emotional cripple†. Jared’s father, raised in an orphanage, seems anxious to please everyone, a commonplace reaction of individuals who, as children, experienced parental indifference or inconsistency. Though a successful tax attorney, he is jumpy around Conrad, and, according to his wife, drinks too many martinis. Conrad seems consumed with despair. A return to normalcy, school and home-life, appear to be more than Conrad can handle. Chalk-faced, hair-hacked Conrad seems bent on erpetuating the family myth that all is well in the world. His family, after all, â€Å"are people of good taste. They do not discuss a problem in the face of the problem. And, besides, there is no problem. † Yet, there is not one problem in this family but two – Conrad’s suicide and the death by drowning of Conrad’s older brother, Buck. Conrad eventually contacts a psychiatrist, Dr. Berger, because he feels the â€Å"air is full of flying glass† and wants to feel in control. Their initial sessions together frustrate the psychiatrist because of Conrad’s inability to express his feelings. Berger cajoles him into expressing his emotions by saying, â€Å"That’s what happens when you bury this junk, kiddo. It keeps resurfacing. Won’t leave you alone. † Conrad’s slow but steady journey towards healing seems partially the result of cathartic revelations which purge guilt feelings regarding his brother’s death and his family’s denial of that death, plus the â€Å"love of a good woman. Jeannine, who sings soprano to Conrad’s tenor†¦ There is no doubt that Conrad is consumed with guilt, â€Å"the feeling one has when one acts contrary to a role he has assumed while interacting with a ignificant person in his life,† This guilt engenders in Conrad feelings of low self esteem. Survivors of horrible tragedies, such as the Holocaust, frequently express similar feelings of worthlessness. In his book, â€Å"Against All Odds†, William Helmreich relates how one survivor articulates a feeling of abandonment. â€Å"Did I abandon them, or did they abandon me? † Conrad expresses a similar thought in remembering the sequence of events when the sailboat they were on turned over. Buck soothes Conrad saying, â€Å"Okay, okay. They’ll be looking now, for sure, just hang on, don’t get tired, promise? In an imagined conversation ith his dead brother, Conrad asks, â€Å"‘Man, why’d you let go? ‘ ‘Because I got tired. ‘ ‘The hell! You never get tired, not before me, you don’t! You tell me not to get tired, you tell me to hang on, and then you let go! ‘ ‘I couldn’t help it. Well, screw you, then! ‘† Conrad feels terrible anger with his brother, but cannot comfortably express that anger. His psychiatrist, after needling Conrad, asks, â€Å"Are you mad? When Conrad responds that he is not mad, the psychiatrist says, â€Å"Now that is a lie. You are mad as hell. † Conrad asserts that, â€Å"When you let yourself feel, all you feel is lousy. † When his psychiatrist questions im about his relationship with his mother, Calvin says, â€Å"My mother and I do not connect. Why should it bother me? My mother is a very private person. † This sort of response is called, in psychological literature, â€Å"rationalization†. We see Conrad’s anger and aggression is displaced, i. e. vented on another, as when he physically attacked a schoolmate. Yet, he also turns his anger on himself and expresses in extreme and dangerous depression and guilt. â€Å"Guilt is a normal emotion felt by most people, but among survivors it takes on special meaning. Most feel guilty about the death of loved ones whom they feel they could ave, or should have, saved. Some feel guilty about situations in which they behaved selfishly (Conrad held on to the boat even after his brother let go), even if there was no other way to survive. In answer to a query from his psychiatrist on when he last got really mad, Conrad responds, â€Å"When it comes, there’s always too much of it. I don’t know how to handle it. † When Conrad is finally able to express his anger, Berger, the psychiatrist says to Calvin, â€Å"Razoring is anger; self-mutilation is anger. So this is a good sign; turning his anger outward at last. † Because his family, and especially his mother, frowns upon ublic displays of emotion, Conrad keeps his feelings bottled up, which further contributes to depression. Encyclopedia Britannica, in explicating the dynamics of depression states, â€Å"Upon close study, the attacks on the self are revealed to be unconscious expressions of disappointment and anger toward another person, or even a circumstance†¦ deflected from their real direction onto the self. The aggression, therefore, directed toward the outside world is turned against the self. † The article further asserts that, â€Å"There are three cardinal psychodynamic considerations in depression: (1) a deep sense of loss of what is oved or valued, which may be a person, a thing or even liberty; (2) a conflict of mixed feelings of love and hatred toward what is loved or highly valued; (3) a heightened overcritical concern with the self. † Conrad’s parents are also busily engaged in the business of denial. Calvin, Conrad’s father, says, â€Å"Don’t worry. Everything is all right. By his own admission, he drinks too much, â€Å"because drinking helps†¦ , deadening the pain†. Calvin cannot tolerate conflict. Things must go smoothly. â€Å"Everything is jello and pudding with you, Dad. † Calvin, the orphan says, â€Å"Grief is ugly. It is something to be afraid of, to get id of†. â€Å"Safety and order. Definitely the priorities of his life. He constantly questions himself as to whether or not he is a good father. â€Å"What is fatherhood, anyway? Beth, Conrad’s mother, is very self-possessed. She appears to have a highly developed super-ego, that part of an individual’s personality which is â€Å"moralistic†¦ , meeting the demands of social convention, which can be irrational in requiring certain behaviors in spite of reason, convenience and common sense†. She is furthermore, a perfectionist. â€Å"Everything had to be perfect, never mind the impossible hardship it worked on her, on hem all. † Conrad is not unlike his mother. He is an overachiever, an â€Å"A† student, on the swim team and a list-maker. His father tells the psychiatrist, â€Å"I see her not being able to forgive him. For surviving, maybe. No, that’s not it, for being too much like her. † A psychoanalyst might call her anal retentive. Someone who is â€Å"fixated symbolically in orderliness and a tendency toward perfectionism†. â€Å"Excessive self-control, not expressing feelings, guards against anxiety by controlling any expression of emotion and denying emotional investment in a thing or person. â€Å"She had not cried at the funeral†¦. She and Conrad had been strong and calm throughout. The message of the book is contained in Berger’s glib saying that, â€Å"People who keep stiff upper lips find that it’s damn hard to smile†. We see Conrad moving toward recovery and the successful management of his stage of development, as articulated by Erikson, â€Å"intimacy vs. isolation†. At story end, his father is more open with Conrad, moving closer to him, while his mother goes off on her own to work out her issues. Both trying to realize congruence in their development stage (Erikson), â€Å"ego integrity vs. despair†. How to cite Judith Guest’s â€Å"Ordinary People†, Essay examples

Communication in Organisation for Emotion - MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theCommunication in Organisation for Emotion. Answer: Introduction: Interpersonal communication is the way people exchange information and communicates with each other. It is the way one exchanges his or her feelings, emotion and meaning through verbal or non-verbal means. Face to face communication is the best suitable communication means to communicate with people. However, in the contemporary situation of technological advancement, the communication process has become more linear and easier (Knapp et al. 2014). The purpose of this report is to identify the communication issues identified in an organization and analyze the issue with respect to a number of communication models and theories. Based on the analysis, certain recommendations will be made that would help the restaurant to combat against the challenges that the organization is facing in the contemporary time. Communication Issue Identified: The interviewer revealed that he is the owner of a hotel and he is responsible for all kinds of activities that take place in the hotel. However, he is not the only member but there are three other partners of the business as well. They have 5 restaurant in the country branched in Sydney and Canberra. Therefore, the responsibility for them is huge. In order to get the work going on, it is equally important to carry out communication in the right way and on a regular basis. However, the issue that has been identified in the lack of proper communication in the organization that at times leads to the situation where the organizational activities hamper. In addition to this, lack of proper communication also creates major dispute among the members as well. Methodology of the Research: The methodology selected for the purpose of this study is both primary research and secondary research. For the secondary research, the findings of the study rely on the relevant concepts and theories of interpersonal communication. Deductive research approach has been undertaken for the purpose of carrying out the study because the research is based on the already existing theories and concepts on interpersonal communication (Taylor et al. 2015). The analysis research design has been selected where an in depth analysis of the existing theories have been conducted in order to understand the perspective of the theories (Flick 2015). For the primary research, interview has been taken of a restaurant owner. The interview was the main element of the research based on which the complete discussion has to be made. Thus, a mixed research methodology has been undertaken for the purpose of the research. Relevant Theories: As stated by Fussell and Kreuz (2014), for the success of the organizational activities, it depends on communication among the people. If the scenario of the organization facing communication issues is taken into consideration, it has to be said that the partners of the organization do not live in the same place and thus, there remains the chance that communication issues would occur (Goodboy and Kashy 2017). In this respect, the Uncertainty Reduction theory can be discussed. According to this theory, it is important to communicate with people in order to reduce uncertainty among the people (Berger 2014). The theory asserts that at the time of interaction, people need to gain information. In order to predict the behavior of the people, it is important to communicate with them. If the communication process is not developed in the right manner, there might take place certain cognitive stress as well. Relational dialectics is the interpersonal communication theory that highlights the relationship between two contrary personalities. It is the value based version of the philosophical dialectics. According to this theory, there are a number of assumptions that are undertaken during the communication process (Connor et al. 2016). It is an important point of consideration that contradiction in the communication is a common phenomenon and the process of communication should focuses on the part that would create better opportunities for the people to communicate with each other. Findings: As it has been evident from the interview that the partners of the organization do not reside at the same place and this is the reason that at times, they face communication issues. As evident from the intercultural communication theory as well, it is important to communicate properly in order to avoid any kind of uncertainty in terms of behavior or cognition. Therefore, it is highly recommended to improve the interpersonal communication with the people of the organization. As argued by Mojzisch et al. (2014), that in order to carry out effective communication in the organization, it is equally important that the members should also have the proper inter personal communication skills as well. Interpersonal communication skills enable a person to communicate with others easily and reduce the chances of any uncertainty that creates problems and issues in an organization. Interpretation and Analysis: With the overall analysis, it can be said that the business of the hotel has been running smoothly but there are certain lack of communication that is creating hindrance in achieving the major organizational goals and objectives (Guerrero 2014). Therefore, the partners need to focus on the communication process. Major organizations always focus on the communication that takes place in an organization. Therefore, it shall be the primary concern for nay organization. In the process of communication, contradiction is also common but it shall depend on the individuals to consider the various factors that actually hamper the overall communication activities. It is expected that if the organization undertakes the right approach, it would prosper in its organizational functions. Conclusion: It has been clearly evident that the organization has been doing well in terms of its business. However, at many times they face communication related issues because the partners of the hotel reside in different places that make it challenging for them to communicate with each other. A detailed analysis on the major communication theories and models has also been conducted. It has been found that major scholars and researchers have the similar view that one of the major components of organizational activity is high level of communication and it is when one fails to communicate properly, the organization has to suffer. Therefore, keeping the various situations into consideration, certain useful recommendations can be made. Recommendations: It has been found that the people of the organization have organized themselves well considering the situation. However, at times the partners face communication issues. Therefore, certain recommendations can be made in this respect. Primarily, it is important that the members call for meetings at least once in a week. For this purpose, video calls and conference methods can be used. Each of the members is responsible for presenting their point of view towards a particular issue. It is when the members clear out their part of concern it is expected that others would participate in the communication process and a particular decision can be made. Aaprt from meetings, it is important that whatever steps one take, that should be communicated to other partners as well in the least possible time to avoid any kind of confusion among them. The partners could frame a companys policy related to the communication that each of the partners should have to communicate irrespective of any kind of i ssue and that if any member fails to attend the meeting without proper reason, the person can be penalized as well. References: Berger, C.R. ed., 2014.Interpersonal communication(Vol. 6). Walter de Gruyter GmbH Co KG. Connor, P., Harris, E., Guy, S., Fernando, J., Shank, D.B., Kurz, T., Bain, P.G. and Kashima, Y., 2016. Interpersonal communication about climate change: how messages change when communicated through simulated online social networks.Climatic Change,136(3-4), pp.463-476. Flick, U., 2015.Introducing research methodology: A beginner's guide to doing a research project. Sage. Fussell, S.R. and Kreuz, R.J., 2014.Social and cognitive approaches to interpersonal communication. Psychology Press. Goodboy, A.K. and Kashy, D.A., 2017. Forum: Interpersonal Communication in Instructional Settings: Interpersonal Communication Research in Instructional Contexts: A Dyadic Approach.Communication Education,66(1), pp.113-115. Guerrero, L.K., 2014. Interpersonal functions of nonverbal communication.Interpersonal Communication,6, p.53. Knapp, M.L., Vangelisti, A.L. and Caughlin, J.P., 2014.Interpersonal Communication Human Relationships. Pearson Higher Ed. Mojzisch, A., Kerschreiter, R., Faulmller, N., Vogelgesang, F. and Schulz-Hardt, S., 2014. The consistency principle in interpersonal communication: Consequences of preference confirmation and disconfirmation in collective decision making.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,106(6), p.961. Taylor, S.J., Bogdan, R. and DeVault, M., 2015.Introduction to qualitative research methods: A guidebook and resource. John Wiley Sons. Wood, J.T., 2015.Interpersonal communication: Everyday encounters. Nelson Education.